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The origin of the Double Ninth Festival

2023-10-23

The Double Ninth Festival, which falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month every year, is a traditional Chinese folk festival. In the "Book of Changes," the number "nine" is associated with yang, and "double nine" represents the doubling of yang, hence the name "Chongyang." Additionally, as both the day and month are the ninth, it's also known as "Chongyang." The significance of "double nine" is that it's a day of good fortune according to ancient beliefs.

In ancient times, the Double Ninth Festival was celebrated with customs such as ascending heights to pray for blessings, autumn outings to appreciate chrysanthemums, wearing dogwood stems, ancestral worship, and feasting to seek longevity. Over time, the festival has also incorporated the values of respecting and showing love for the elderly, with gatherings and feasts on the Double Ninth as an expression of gratitude and respect towards the elderly. Climbing to enjoy the autumn scenery and honoring the elderly have become the two major themes of the modern Double Ninth Festival activities.

According to historical records and research, the origins of the Double Ninth Festival can be traced back to ancient times. In the past, during the autumn harvest season, there were rituals for offering sacrifices to heaven and the ancestral fire god. The "Lüshi Chunqiu" recorded that in September, people would offer sacrifices to the heavenly deities and their ancestors to express gratitude for the harvest. This is the primitive form of the Double Ninth Festival as a seasonal harvest festival.

The Double Ninth Festival took shape during the Spring and Autumn Period, became popular during the Western Han Dynasty, and reached its peak after the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty was an important period when traditional festival customs were consolidated and established, and its core elements have been passed down to the present. The Double Ninth ancestral worship customs, which have continued for thousands of years, hold profound significance and are one of the ancient customs in Chinese culture. The Double Ninth Festival, along with the New Year's Eve, Qingming Festival, and the Ghost Festival (7th month of the lunar calendar), is considered one of the four major Chinese traditional festivals for ancestral worship.

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